Tax
HMRC, VAT, corporation tax, self assessment and payroll — when to file and what happens if you do not.

Your tax code: how to check it and how to get overpaid tax back
1257L, BR, 0T, W1 — what your code means and why a new job almost always starts on an emergency one. The letters, the numbers and how a refund reaches you.

Leaving the UK: What You Can Reclaim Besides the P85 Tax Refund
Great Britain no longer refunds VAT at the airport, and the immigration health surcharge is never repaid for the visa years you do not use. Vehicle tax, a VAT-free car and a pension transfer are a different story — with strict deadlines.

Leaving the UK: how to claim back overpaid Income Tax with form P85
PAYE taxes you as though you will work the whole year. Leave mid-year and part of your Personal Allowance goes unused. Who files a P85, what you need besides a P45, and why you should keep a UK bank account open.

HMRC visits: how to check an officer's identity under the rules updated on 7 October
On 7 October 2026 HMRC rewrote the process for confirming the identity of its staff during an in-person visit. You now note the name and serial number from the officer's card and call 03000 565 656, a 24-hour line used only for these checks. Debt collectors have a separate number, 0300 200 3862, and their own hours: 8am to 6pm, Monday to Friday.
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Register for Self Assessment by 5 October: side income over £1,000, rent, selling on Vinted and eBay
Monday 5 October is the deadline to register for Self Assessment for anyone who received untaxed income for the first time in the tax year from 6 April 2025 to 5 April 2026: a side hustle over £1,000, letting out property, dividends, crypto gains. Online platforms — eBay, Vinted, Airbnb, Uber — already report their sellers' data to HMRC. Registration is free and takes minutes, while a late tax return starts with a £100 penalty.

Marriage Allowance: how couples can get up to £1,260 of tax back — who qualifies and how to apply
If one spouse earns under £12,570 a year and the other pays basic-rate tax, HMRC will cut the couple’s tax by £252 a year. Applying online takes minutes, and you can backdate the claim to 6 April 2022. Who qualifies, how to apply for free and when you must cancel.

Corporation Tax in 2026: the 19% and 25% rates, deadlines, penalties and the Marginal Relief trap
In the UK, companies work out their own profit tax — HMRC will never send you a bill. The rate depends on profits: 19% up to £50,000, 25% above £250,000, and a sliding Marginal Relief scale in between. The tax is due before the return, and a late return now costs £200 from day one. Here are the rules, in order.

VAT for small business: the £90,000 threshold, deadlines, rates and the Flat Rate Scheme — how to avoid paying tax out of pocket
Turnover of £90,000 over any rolling 12 months means you must register for VAT within 30 days; late means paying the 20% yourself. The GOV.UK rules: the zero-rate catch in counting the threshold, when voluntary registration pays, the Flat Rate Scheme up to £150,000 and the £88,000 deregistration threshold.

Working for yourself in the UK: register by 5 October, sole trader taxes in 2026 and HMRC's digital rules
Started working for yourself in 2025/26? You must register for Self Assessment by 5 October or risk a penalty. The HMRC rules: the £1,000 threshold, 6% and 2% contributions, a free pension record from £7,105 of profit, and the Making Tax Digital quarterly updates already mandatory above £50,000.

HMRC is signing up sole traders and landlords to Making Tax Digital automatically — next deadline 7 November
Since 6 April 2026, anyone with more than £50,000 of income from self-employment and property must report four times a year. Those who did not sign up are now being enrolled by HMRC itself: letters started going out in September, after the event. 436,000 people have filed a first update; the next deadline is 7 November 2026.

HMRC to issue tax calculations on bank interest from late September: what to check in P800 and PA302
HMRC says it will start issuing P800 calculations and Simple Assessment notices (PA302) from late September 2026 for tax due on bank and building society interest earned between April 2025 and April 2026. A second notice for the same year may include tax already paid, so the figures should be checked against bank statements before payment.

UK tax return: you must tell HMRC by 5 October or face a penalty for staying quiet
Self-employment above £1,000, rent, savings interest, dividends or money from abroad in 2025/26 means registering for Self Assessment by 5 October 2026. The return comes later — 31 October on paper, 31 January online. The penalty for registering late is calculated on the tax you still owe and lands separately from late filing penalties.

Going self-employed in the UK: registering, your UTR and what you pay in 2026
Register if you earned more than £1,000 in a tax year, and tell HMRC by 5 October. Class 2 is no longer compulsory; Class 4 is 6% and 2%. Unregistered subcontractors lose 30% instead of 20%. From 6 April 2026, turnover above £50,000 means quarterly reporting. And the part that catches people out: a Student visa bars self-employment, while a Skilled Worker visa allows 20 hours a week.

Making Tax Digital: the next quarterly update is due by 7 November
Digital reporting has been compulsory since April for sole traders and landlords earning over £50,000. Year one carries no penalty points — but the annual return has not gone away.